–Dr. Sajeda Yusuf*

Abstract:

The artistic representation of animals has a long-standing tradition in human history, with evidence stretching from prehistoric frescoes to modern architecture. This paper explores the incorporation of animal motifs in architectural decorations, tracing their historical roots and cultural significance. Examples from ancient India, such as the caves of Ajanta, Mavalipuram, and Amaravati, display elephant portraits, while similar motifs can be found in various buildings in Bangladesh, especially in temples and zamindar estates, where both artistic and religious sentiments intertwined.A focal point of this study is the architectural legacy of the Zamindars of Muktagacha, a region in present-day Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Renowned for their wealth and cultural sophistication, the zamindars adorned their monuments with intricate motifs of animals and nature, reflecting both imperial grandeur and religious symbolism. This paper delves into the historical development of Muktagacha under the leadership of the Acharya family, tracing the transformation of the region from a forested land into a hub of architectural and cultural significance. The origins and rise of the Muktagacha zamindari, alongside the use of animal decorations in their monuments, reveal the complex interplay between power, art, and religious expression in the architectural heritage of the region. Through examining these decorative practices, the study highlights how artistic expression transcends time, blending symbolism, religious sentiment, and cultural heritage in architectural forms across different eras.

*Former Professor of Islamic History and Culture, Govt. College, Bangladesh